Jooni
Zelkova
1 Species
Species
Fertilizing
Apply organic fertilizers regularly during the growing season from spring through fall. You have two optimal feeding schedules to choose from: either use half-strength fertilizer weekly, or full-strength fertilizer every two weeks. Natural fertilizers work best for Zelkova bonsai, with options like fish emulsion or compost tea being particularly beneficial as they provide slow-release nutrients while improving soil health.
Placement
Place your Zelkova bonsai outdoors where it can receive full morning sun but filtered afternoon sunlight to prevent leaf burn. During hot summer months, some protection from intense afternoon sun is essential - consider using screens or partial shade. The tree must be protected from frost in winter. While Zelkovas are generally hardy, they need to be positioned thoughtfully to protect them from environmental stress while ensuring adequate light exposure for healthy growth.
Pruning
Maintain the tree's symmetry by carefully removing any branches or twigs that disrupt the overall shape, with special attention needed during spring when new sprouts appear on the trunk and branches. The Zelkova is particularly suited to the broom style, which requires systematic pruning to develop the characteristic fan-shaped branching pattern. When creating this style, allow branches to grow out before pruning back to a few internodes, then repeat this process until achieving the desired branch structure. Be especially gentle when removing unwanted sprouts, as proper technique is crucial for maintaining the tree's health and aesthetic appeal.
Repotting
Young Zelkova bonsai should be repotted annually in spring, while mature specimens can go 2-3 years between repotting sessions, typically when they become root-bound. Use a well-draining soil mix enriched with Fuji grit to improve drainage. When repotting, always use dry soil and avoid applying pressure - instead, gently shake the container to help the soil settle naturally around the roots. Water the tree immediately after repotting. Pay special attention to surface roots, which are common in young plants and should be covered with soil to ensure proper thickening.
Watering
Watering needs vary significantly based on pot depth and climate conditions. During hot summer months, especially for trees in shallow containers, you may need to water twice daily to maintain proper soil moisture. In spring and fall, daily watering is usually sufficient, while winter requires less frequent watering - typically every other day. Never let the soil completely dry out, but also avoid waterlogging. The key is maintaining consistent moisture while ensuring proper drainage to prevent root problems.