Jade

Fertilizing

Feed your jade bonsai every two weeks during the growing season (spring through autumn) with a balanced liquid fertilizer. When using liquid fertilizers, always dilute according to package instructions to avoid root burn. For optimal results, consider using a slow-release pellet fertilizer as an alternative, scattering them evenly across the soil surface and lightly raking them in.

During winter months, suspend fertilization completely as the plant enters its dormant period. Be cautious not to over-fertilize, as jade plants are slow-growing succulents that don't require heavy feeding. A balanced NPK ratio works well, though organic options like fish emulsion or seaweed-based products can provide gentler nutrition while avoiding harsh chemicals.

Placement

Your jade bonsai will thrive with bright, indirect sunlight and some direct morning or evening sun exposure. Place it in a south-facing window if growing indoors, ensuring it receives at least 4-6 hours of sunlight daily. However, protect it from intense midday sun which can scorch the leaves. In temperate regions, you can move your jade bonsai outdoors during summer months to benefit from natural light and air circulation.

The ideal temperature range is between 65-75°F (18-24°C). Keep your tree away from cold drafts, air conditioning vents, and heating sources that could cause sudden temperature fluctuations. During winter, protect it from frost by moving it to an unheated room or greenhouse once temperatures approach 50°F (10°C). You'll know your jade is receiving proper light when leaf edges develop a slight reddish tinge - this is normal and healthy.

Pruning

Regular pruning is essential for maintaining your jade bonsai's shape and promoting compact growth. During the active growing season (spring and summer), pinch off overgrown leaves and trim back branches to maintain the desired form. Make cuts just above nodes using sharp, clean scissors or shears. Unlike some bonsai species, jade responds well to leaf pruning - you can safely trim individual leaves to half their original size to maintain proportion.

Structural pruning should be done in early spring before new growth begins. Focus on removing unwanted branches and refining the tree's basic structure. Throughout the growing season, continue maintenance pruning by removing any dead, damaged, or crossing branches. When shoots develop 4-5 leaves, prune them back to 2-3 leaves to encourage ramification and maintain a compact form.

For root pruning, only tackle this task during repotting every 2-3 years in spring. Never remove more than one-third of the root mass at once, as this can severely stress the tree. Work carefully to trim away old, circling roots while preserving the younger, more vigorous ones that will support future growth.

Repotting

Repot your jade bonsai every two to three years in early spring, using a well-draining bonsai soil mix. Create a mixture that combines organic materials with inorganic components like coarse sand, perlite, or vermiculite to ensure proper drainage while retaining adequate moisture. The ideal pot should be proportionate to your tree's root system, with its width measuring approximately two-thirds of its height.

When repotting, gently remove the tree from its container and carefully clean away old soil from the roots. Inspect the root system and trim any rotting, dead, or circling roots, being careful not to remove more than one-third of the total root mass. Position the tree slightly off-center in its new pot for aesthetic appeal, and ensure the soil is firmly packed but not overly compressed. After repotting, wait one week before watering to allow any cut roots to heal and form calluses.

Watering

Allow the soil to dry completely between waterings, as jade bonsais are succulents that store water in their leaves and are more tolerant of underwatering than overwatering. Check soil moisture by inserting a wooden chopstick or skewer into the soil - if it comes out clean and dry, it's time to water. When you do water, saturate the soil thoroughly until water drains from the drainage holes.

Adjust your watering frequency based on seasonal changes. During hot summer months, you may need to water more frequently, while in winter, reduce watering significantly as the plant enters dormancy. Avoid misting your jade bonsai, as this can promote fungal growth and lead to leaf rot. Instead, maintain humidity by placing the pot on a humidity tray filled with water and pebbles, ensuring the pot bottom doesn't sit directly in water.

References

Bonsai For Beginners - Growing a Jade Bonsai Guide Hooked on Bonsai - Jade Bonsai Care Guide Bonsai Mary - Comprehensive Jade Bonsai Guide