Hazel

Fertilizing

During the growing season, Hawthorn bonsai requires consistent fertilization to maintain healthy growth and vigor. Apply a balanced organic fertilizer weekly in liquid form, or use organic solid fertilizer pellets monthly. The feeding schedule should be maintained throughout the growing season but reduced or stopped entirely during winter dormancy. Be careful not to over-fertilize, as this can damage the roots and affect the tree's health. A balanced NPK ratio works well for Hawthorns, with slightly higher nitrogen levels in spring to promote strong growth.

Placement

Hawthorn bonsai are exceptionally hardy trees that thrive in outdoor environments. These adaptable trees can flourish in both full sun and partially shaded locations, making them versatile for various garden settings. While they can withstand cold winds and frost, potted specimens should be protected from excessive rainfall and prolonged freezing conditions. Their robust nature allows them to handle most weather conditions, but providing some shelter during extreme weather events will help maintain the tree's health and appearance. During winter, some protection may be needed when temperatures drop significantly below freezing.

Pruning

Timing is crucial when pruning Hawthorn bonsai - perform major structural pruning at the end of spring, always applying cut paste to protect wounds. Throughout the growing season, maintain the tree's shape by trimming back shoots to just a couple of leaves once they've grown to considerable length. Be mindful of the thorns when working with the tree, and consider removing them before detailed work. Hawthorns respond well to both maintenance and structural pruning, allowing for good ramification development.

The wiring process requires special attention due to the tree's thorny nature and branch flexibility. While wiring can be done during winter, young shoots and branches respond better during the growing season. Use wire that matches the branch thickness to avoid bark damage - too thick wire will harm the bark, while too thin wire won't effectively shape the branches. The tree's natural flexibility makes it ideal for styling, but care must be taken to protect both the tree and yourself from the sharp thorns.

Repotting

Repot Hawthorn bonsai in early spring every three years, though older specimens may require less frequent repotting. When repotting, prune approximately one-third of the root mass, but avoid aggressive root reduction as this can stress the tree. Use a well-draining soil mix with a pH between 5-6, combining components like akadama, pumice, and organic matter to create optimal growing conditions. The pot should have adequate drainage holes and be appropriately sized for the tree's current development stage.

Watering

Watering requirements are particularly important during the growing season, when Hawthorns need consistent moisture to prevent root dryout. Watch for browning leaf tips, which indicate insufficient watering. While these trees are hardy and can tolerate some drought, maintaining even soil moisture is crucial for optimal growth. The soil should be allowed to dry slightly between waterings, but never completely dry out. Reduce watering frequency during winter, but ensure the roots remain moderately moist even during dormancy.

References

Green Zen Bonsai - Hawthorn Bonsai Guide Miyagi Bonsai - Hawthorn Care Guide Indoor Bonsai Tree Care - Hawthorn Species Guide